Data for Equity and Accountability

Education policy in Washington is shaped by data. The question is whose data, disaggregated how, and held to what standard of analytical specificity.For decades education research produced education reports that used sweeping equity language — "underserved students," "historically marginalized communities," "students of color." That language enabled report on equity in the aggregate while remaining unaccountable …

Education policy in Washington is shaped by data. The question is whose data, disaggregated how, and held to what standard of analytical specificity.

For decades education research produced education reports that used sweeping equity language — “underserved students,” “historically marginalized communities,” “students of color.” That language enabled report on equity in the aggregate while remaining unaccountable to any specific community desegregated across meaningful intersectional categories to the give material snapshots into the needs of Black communities. Such methodological choices suppress disparities of our community and erect barriers to hold the systems designed to serve our students accountable.

When data is reported only at the level of broad demographic categories, the intersectional identities and experiences of Black students are absorbed into composite reports that obscure the specific scale of disparate impacts. The result is a public conversation that can describe the problem but cannot locate it. Policymakers can point to disparities without being accountable to any specific group. Districts can report progress on “students of color” while Black students continue to lose ground inside the same average.

BESR exists, in part, to correct this. The AMPLIFY pillar of our work is built on a methodological commitment we name plainly: race-explicit specificity. Black students in Washington State are not interchangeable with broader categories. Their educational outcomes have a particular history, a particular shape, and a particular set of policy implications. Naming them, explicitly, repeatedly, in data, is the prerequisite for substantive accountability and Black student success.

Without that specificity, equity is a slogan. With it, equity is a measurement.

"We already know Black students count. We are here to make sure they are named and measured, and that the systems serving them are held accountable."

What BESR Is Doing

BESR builds the evidence base that makes race-explicit accountability possible in Washington. Our data and research work runs across five streams.

  • Data for equity and accountability. BESR holds an institution-level view of postsecondary completion that reaches every public four-year university and every community and technical college in Washington. 
  • Analysis with a clear standard. We reject the Black-White binary as the measure of equity, and we hold every institution to a higher bar.
  • The State of Black Education in Washington. BESR is building toward an annual report that will stand as the definitive analysis of Black student outcomes, from early learning through postsecondary completion.
  • Issue-area data briefs. BESR publishes targeted briefs tied to live policy battles.
  • Community-based, culturally responsive research. BESR partners with community organizations, state agencies, and research institutions to assess the educational health of Black students, and shares what we find through academic, government, and community channels.

What Washington’s Own Data Shows

Washington’s collection of students data tells one consistent story. At nearly every stage of public education, from early reading to college, our state’s public education system produces worse outcomes for Black students than nearly anyone else. And these are statewide figures, which means they are averages. Averages flatten the worst of the disparities. Up close, at the district, the campus, and the single program, the gaps are sharper still. So read what follows as a floor, not a ceiling.

  • Student Discipline. Washington removes Black students from school far more often than it removes others. In the most recent fully reported year (2023-24), Black students were suspended, expelled, or removed for a behavior violation at a rate of 11.3%, against 4.2% for White students and 2.8% for Asian students (OSPI Report Card Discipline data). That is roughly 2.7 times the White rate and about 4 times the Asian rate. The pattern begins in preschool. It outlasted the state’s 2016 discipline reforms and its 2024-25 emergency and permanent rules. The rules changed. The outcome did not.
  • ELA, Math, and Science. The system teaches some students to proficiency and leaves others behind, and the dividing line tracks race. On the most recent race-disaggregated state assessment (2023), 72% of Asian students and 56% of White students met the English language arts standard. For Black students, the figure was 34% (OSPI). A 38-point gap is not a gap in ability. It is a record of where the system invests and where it does not.
  • High School Graduation. Washington graduated 82.6% of its students on time in the Class of 2025 (flat from 82.8% for the Class of 2024). Black students graduated at 78.3%, a gap that has held for years. A state genuinely serving Black students would be narrowing it.
  • Postsecondary Pathways. Here the state fails forward. Washington ranks 48th in the nation for four-year college participation among adults aged 20 to 34 (Council of Presidents). At the same time, close to 60% of Washington jobs are projected to require a bachelor’s or advanced degree by 2030. The state is building an economy that runs on degrees and a pipeline that does not produce them. Black students sit at the sharp end of that mismatch.

For Families

You are entitled to specificity. Ask your district for its discipline, assessment, and graduation data disaggregated for Black students, not “students of color.” If the district says the numbers are too small to report, ask what it is doing for the students inside those numbers. Your questions are part of the accountability this page describes.

Get Involved

  • Sign up for BESR policy and research updates, and be first to receive the State of Black Education in Washington report.
  • Request a BESR data brief or presentation for your district, institution, or community organization.
  • Partner with us if you are a researcher, state agency, postsecondary institution, or CBO committed to race-explicit analysis.
  • Share your family’s experience with us: community knowledge shapes what we measure.
  • Make a donation to sustain BESR’s independent research capacity.

This is one of the issues BESR leads on now, part of our current agenda. We stand with partners on the issues we have not named here.

Related Issues

For Black Students. At all Levels.

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